StormsNgā āwhā
Storms can happen any time of the year. They can bring strong winds, heavy rain or snow, thunder, lightning, tornadoes and rough seas. Find out what to do before, during and after a storm.
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Reduce the impacts of storms
Prepare your property for high winds. Strong winds can lift large, heavy objects and send them crashing into homes. Anything not secured may become a projectile.
Regularly inspect and trim trees and shrubbery. Strong winds frequently break weak tree limbs and throw them at great speed. They can cause damage and injury.
Review your insurance regularly. Having insurance cover for your home and contents is important to help you get back on your feet if you suffer damage in a disaster.
We can't predict disasters, but we can prepare for them. One of the best places to start is with your home. Find out what you can do to make your home safer.
Get ready before a storm
Keep up to date with MetService weather forecasts.
Work out what supplies you might need and make a plan. Have materials and tools ready to repair windows, such as tarpaulins, boards and duct tape.
Identify a safe place in your home to gather during a thunderstorm. This should be a place where there are no windows, skylights, or glass doors. These could break in strong winds or hail and cause damage or injury.
Know which paddocks are safe if you have livestock. To prevent risks from lightning, move livestock away from:
- floodwaters
- landslides
- power lines, and
- isolated trees.
Be aware that storms can trigger floods and landslides. Make sure you know how to respond.
Prepare your property for high winds
Tie down your trampoline and other heavy outdoor objects. Remove anything that could become a damaging missile.
Make a list of items to bring inside or tie down when strong winds are forecast. A list will help you remember anything that strong winds can break or pick up.
Make a plan online with your whānau to get through an emergency. Think about the things you need every day and work out what you would do if you didn't have them.
In an emergency, you may be stuck at home for three days or more. Your house is already full of emergency items disguised as everyday things. Figure out what supplies you need and make a plan to get through.
What to do during a storm
When a storm is forecast
Bring inside or tie down anything that strong winds could break or pick up. If you have a trampoline, turn it upside down to minimise the surface area exposed to wind.
Remove any debris or loose items from around your property. Branches and firewood can become missiles in strong winds.
Bring pets indoors. They can get unsettled by storms and it is more comforting and safer for them to be with you.
Check on your neighbours and anyone who might need your help.
During a storm
Stay inside. Don't walk around outside. Don't drive unless absolutely necessary.
Close exterior and interior doors and windows. Pull curtains and blinds over windows. This could prevent injury from flying glass if the window breaks.
Stay informed during an emergency. Listen to the radio or follow your Civil Defence Emergency Management Group online. Follow the instructions of civil defence and emergency services.
Avoid bathtubs, water taps, and sinks. Metal pipes and plumbing can conduct electricity if struck by lightning. Use your water from your emergency supplies.
Unplug small appliances that may be affected by electrical power surges. If you lose power, unplug major appliances. This will reduce the power surge and possible damage when power is restored.
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In a snowstorm, you could lose heat, power and telephone service. You may have a shortage of supplies if storm conditions continue for more than a day.
If you live in a region at risk of snowstorms, make sure you have more than one form of power generation and heating. Check fuel supplies for woodburners, gas heaters, barbeques and generators.
Stay up to date with the latest weather information from MetService. Pay attention to heavy snow warnings and road snowfall warnings. Avoid leaving home unless absolutely necessary when a snow warning is issued.
If you have to travel make sure you are well prepared. Take snow chains, sleeping bags, warm clothing and essential emergency items.
If you are in your car or truck in a snowstorm, stay in your vehicle. Run the engine every ten minutes to keep warm. Drink fluids to avoid dehydration. Open the window a little to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning. Make yourself visible to rescuers. Tie a bright-coloured cloth to your radio aerial or door and keep the inside light on.
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Tornadoes sometimes occur during thunderstorms in some parts of New Zealand. A tornado is a narrow, rotating column of air. It extends downwards to the ground from the base of a thunderstorm.
Know the warning signs for tornadoes:
- A long, continuous roar or rumble, or
- A fast approaching cloud of debris, which could be funnel shaped.
If you see a tornado funnel nearby, take shelter immediately. If you have one, shelter in a basement or an inside room with no windows or outside doors on the ground floor. Get under sturdy furniture and cover yourself with a mattress or blanket.
Alert others, if you can.
If caught outside, get away from trees if you can. Lie down flat in a nearby gully, ditch or low spot and protect your head.
If in a car, get out immediately and look for a safe place to shelter. Do not try to outrun a tornado or get under your vehicle for shelter.
Find your local Civil Defence Emergency Management (CDEM) Group.
What to do after a storm
Keep listening to the radio or following your Civil Defence Emergency Management Group online. They will give you information and instructions.
Check for injuries and get first aid if necessary.
Help others if you can, especially people who may need extra help.
Contact your local council if your house or building has been severely damaged. Ask your council for advice on how to clean up debris safely.
Stay alert for extended rainfall, flooding, landslides and debris hazards, especially when driving.
If your property is damaged
- Do not do anything that puts your safety at risk or causes more damage to your property.
- Contact your insurance company as soon as possible.
- If you rent your property, contact your landlord and your contents insurance company.
- Take photos of any damage. It will help speed up assessments of your claims.
Severe weather warnings
MetService provides land-based severe weather alerts. These are issued through a system of Outlooks, Watches and Warnings.
Outlooks — stay alert
Outlooks provide a 'heads up' that bad weather is coming in the next 3–6 days but there is some uncertainty about what might happen and where. Stay alert to the forecast and be prepared that you may be affected.
Watches — stay alert
Watches are used when severe weather is possible, but not imminent or certain. When a Watch is in place, stay alert and keep an eye on your local forecast for updates.
Orange Warnings — take action
Orange warnings are used when bad weather will meet Severe Weather Criteria. This could be heavy rain, strong wind or heavy snow.
When there is an Orange Warning, be prepared and take action as appropriate as there could be some disruption to your day and potential risk to people, animals and property. The majority of warnings issued by MetService will be orange.
Red Warnings — take immediate action, act now!
Red warnings are used for extreme weather events that are likely to have significant impact and disruption. This could be for weather like heavy rain, strong wind or heavy snow from events like cyclones.
When there is a Red Warning, act now. Immediate action is needed to protect people, animals and property. Be prepared to follow the advice of official authorities and emergency services.
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New Zealand often gets hit by storms as it lies between 40 and 50 degrees latitude south. This is the 'Roaring Forties' where mild air temperatures from the north meet cooler air from the south.
Storms can bring heavy rain, hail, lightning, strong winds, and tornadoes. Storms can also cause flooding and storm surges, snow, and landslides. Dangers from storms include:
- fallen trees and poles
- torn-off roofs
- fast-flowing currents in streams and rivers
- flying objects
- landslides, and
- flooding.
Tornadoes sometimes occur during thunderstorms in some parts of New Zealand. A tornado is a narrow, rotating column of air. It extends downwards to the ground from the base of a thunderstorm.
Compared with tornadoes in the rest of the world, tornadoes in New Zealand are generally small and weak. More often than not, damage is minor because they exist for only a very short time. But, sometimes there is significant damage and a threat to public safety when one or more tornadoes passes through a built-up area.
Cyclones are large revolving storms that develop in the tropics. They are also called hurricanes or typhoons. Cyclones have a wind-speed of more than 120 kilometres per hour. But they usually weaken as they meet the cooler sea temperatures around New Zealand. Because of this, they are not classified as cyclones by the time they reach New Zealand.
“Ex-cyclones” are still dangerous storms and cause major damage in New Zealand. In 1988, Cyclone Bola caused more than $200 million in damage, even though it was no longer a tropical cyclone by the time it reached New Zealand.
Coastal areas can suffer from storm surges. Storm surges are extra-high waves caused by low pressure in the air above the sea that causes the sea-level to rise.
Types of hazards | Ngā momo matepā
In New Zealand we have a lot of natural hazards. Find out what to do before, during and after each type of emergency.
